Rosenbaum shows how justice is inextricably linked to revenge, which he argues is both “morally right” and a “deeply internalized” instinct “as innate to man as breathing, having sex, falling in love, and making war.” He writes: “There is no justice if wrongdoers go unpunished and victims do not feel avenged.” Lacking an outlet in the justice system, we look to popular culture for what Rosenbaum calls the “moral clarity” that vengeance provides.
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It is a well-entrenched distinction, including on The Washington Post’s opinion page, where recently two writers, in the span of one week, argued that executing the mentally ill James Holmes, who is accused of shooting 12 people to death at a midnight showing of a Batman movie last year in Colorado, would amount to vengeance rather than justice. Rosenbaum convincingly argues for knocking down the false distinction between justice and revenge, for rescuing revenge from its taboo status. Rosenbaum, a Fordham University law professor and a novelist, exaggerates only slightly when he writes that “it’s more acceptable to confess to having a kinky taste for porn than to acknowledge harboring feelings of revenge.” Anyone openly seeking vengeance is unfairly dismissed in the legal system as irrational, unreliable and somewhat unhinged. The omissions weren’t surprising, argues Thane Rosenbaum in his well-written new book, “Payback: The Case for Revenge.” No matter how heinous the crime or how evil the perpetrator, he says, the idea of vengeance makes Americans “squeamish and intellectually dishonest.” So, too, did President Obama avoid any reference to vengeance - while invoking justice five times - when he announced that Navy SEALs had killed Osama bin Laden in a May 2011 raid in Pakistan. Yet after the jury’s verdict, Petit said he wanted only justice for his murdered family. Thus, for the 19 subsequent years, each turbine will, in effect, power over 500 households without consuming electricity generated using conventional energy sources.Revenge might have been an understandable motivation when William Petit sought a death sentence for one of two men who raped and strangled his wife, sexually assaulted his daughters and then set fire to their Connecticut house with both daughters tied to their beds. It is likely that even in a worst case scenario, lifetime energy requirements for each turbine will be subsumed by the first year of active use. However, the payback for the associated energy use is within about 6 months, the team found.
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Their analysis shows that the vast majority of predicted environmental impacts would be caused by materials production and manufacturing processes. An LCA takes into account sourcing of key raw materials (steel, copper, fiberglass, plastics, concrete, and other materials), transport, manufacturing, installation of the turbine, ongoing maintenance through its anticipated two decades of useful life and, finally, the impacts of recycling and disposal at end-of-life.
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The pair has carried out a life cycle assessment (LCA) of 2MW wind turbines in order to identify the net environmental impact of the production and use of such devices for electricity production. "All forms of energy generation require the conversion of natural resource inputs, which are attendant with environmental impacts and costs that must be quantified to make appropriate energy system development decisions," explain Karl Haapala and Preedanood Prempreeda of Oregon State University, in Corvallis. They offer a power source that has essentially zero carbon emissions.Ĭoupled lifecycle cost and environmental assessment in terms of energy use and emissions of manufacturing, installation, maintenance and turbine end-of-life processing seems to be limited in the discussions for and against these devices. Wind turbines are frequently touted as the answer to sustainable electricity production especially if coupled to high-capacity storage for times when the wind speed is either side of their working range.